The Birth of Tragedy was Friedrich Nietzsche’s first book, and it anticipates various themes and ideas that appear in his later philosophy.

Creon embodies the tyrannical father Jungian archetype in Sophocles’ Antigone.

Should humanity return to nature? Does society and private property make humanity worse, as Rousseau thought?

Morality is only interpretation, says Nietzsche. There are no objective moral truths, only interpretations. This essay argues that morality is, in fact, objective.

Sartre’s seminal text Being & Nothingness presents human beings as perpetually in a state of self-delusion and consciousness of said bad faith. How is human freedom possible when we are arguably always in bad faith?

Before Daoism, Ancient Chinese Philosophy was largely characterized by strict moral rules and metaphysical doctrines. Daoism’s dynamic departure from this denotes Heidegger’s “ontological difference.”

Zhuangzi’s Daoism in the Zhuangzi entails an emphasis on human freedom through doing nothing.

Heidegger is interested in the relationship of human freedom and agency with time. Dasein is both determinate and indeterminate —both a product of fate and a manipulator of outcomes.